Prostrate and Spotted Spurge

Prostrate spurge (Euphorbia supina) and spotted spurge (E. maculata) are warm season annual weeds found throughout the southeastern states. Both species have a rather deep taproot, are freely branching and form a circular mat or clump several inches to several feet in diameter. Both species produce abundant seed that germinate throughout the summer and readily invade turf and ornamental plantings.

Description. Leaves are opposite, ovate to oblong, slightly serrated, sparsely pubescent with a tinge of red or purple in the center. A milky sap drips from cut leaves, stems or roots of both plants. In an unmowed location, spotted spurge develops a more erect plant than prostrate spurge. Also, seedlings of the spotted spurge have a pink or green stem.

Spurge begins to germinate in late spring and continues to emerge throughout the summer.  Reproduces by seeds. Germination occurs when soil temperatures warm to 60 to 65°F and can continue as soil temperatures climb to more than 90°F. This weed is found in poor, drought-stressed, open turf. It germinates and grows well during hot, dry weather on thin soils and is often found on closely mowed sites. To control prostrate spurge without chemicals, maintain turf density and health through proper culture; water deeply, fertilize in autumn, and avoid close mowing. Mechanically remove or hand pull.